On Sunday December 2, 1804 the coronation of Napoleon Bonaparte occurred, marking ‘the instantiation of modern empire’.
The French Win Big At The Battle of Beachy Head (1690)
On July 10, 1690 the French executed a great naval victory over their opponents in the Nine Years’ War, namely the English and Dutch. The Battle of Beachy Head (1690) seems to be a turning point in English history, which followed the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
The Glorious Revolution involved the overthrow of Catholic King James II of England, with the aid of Protestant Dutch William III (Stuarts), Prince of Orange. Actually it was an invasion of the Dutch Republic, attempting to reduce the power of France and the absolutist Louis XIV the Sun King.
From start to end of the Nine Years’ War (1688–97), England outbuilt the French at a rate of four vessels to one.
Aftermath of Beachy Head is crucial, supposedly causing England to panic. Although the French had prevailed and upon failing to capitalize on previous opportunities, the Allies gained superiority against the French.
Consequently, on July 27, 1694, at least 322 years ago, the Bank of England was established, thus changing the economic history of England.
INTRODUCTION
Those who seek to re-write history find it a very formidable undertaking, because it has become a “vested interest” with the official historians. Any historian who refused to portray Cromwell as a savior of the British people, pointed out that his real name was Williams, and that he belonged to a small group of men who had been enriching themselves at the expense of the Monarchy and the people, while bringing a group of foreigners from Holland to batten on the British people, would not find his books recommended for use in our schools or universities.
THE PRELUDE IN BRITAIN
It is essential that we make ourselves conversant with the growth of the forces which paved the way for the establishment of the Bank of England and the debt-system. Anyone who cares to study British history during the six and a half centuries from the Norman Conquest, until the financiers arrived at the invitation of Cromwell, will find that the Monarchy did exercise its sovereign right of issuing money.
In Queen Elizabeth’s reign Britain produced some of the finest minds the world has ever seen. Both Bacon and Shakespeare have had a tremendous influence on Western civilization – particularly Bacon, to whom we chiefly owe the modern system of experimental science based on inductive reasoning.
THE FORMATION OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND
The modern banking system did not exist in Britain until Cromwell’s regime. In his history of England, Macaulay says that banking had not started at the time of the Restoration (1660). Merchants had their strong-boxes and paid out honest coin on demand.
Whatever the present supporters of the banking swindle may say, the man who was primarily responsible for the Bank of England frankly admitted what he was doing. In a plan for forming the bank which he drew up at that time, he said: “The Bank hath benefit of interest on all moneys which it creates out of nothing.”
Needless to say, the majority of the Whigs favored the establishment of the Bank. The first Governor was Sir John Doublon, a Dutchman.
The ownership of the Bank of England has always been a matter of much speculation, although its close contact with International Jewish finance is well known. In 1696 the law laid it down that stock in the Bank might be held by “any and every persons, natives and foreigners, bodies politic and corporate, who may so subscribe.”
The following interesting report in connection with the Bank of England appeared in the “Manchester Guardian” on December 28, 1839, and was republished in that paper on January 6, 1940:- “A special general meeting of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce and Manufacturers was held at their offices, Town Hall Buildings, King Street, on Thursday last, to receive a report from the board of directors on the effects of the administration of the Bank of England upon the commercial and manufacturing interests of the country. (The report of the meeting, which ran to five and a half columns, contained the lengthy report of the directors on the Bank, the concluding paragraphs of which were):
“Although it scarcely comes within the scope of their present object, the board will add a reflection upon the subject of the undue privileges possessed by the Bank of England. That such a power over the property, and, as has been seen, the health, morals, and very lives of the community should be vested in the hands of 26 irresponsible individuals for the exclusive benefit of a body of bank proprietors, must be regarded as one of the most singular anomalies of the present day – that the secret of these individuals, veiled as they are even from the eyes of their own constituents, should decide the fortunes of our capitalists, and the fate of our artisans – that upon the error or wisdom of their judgment should depend the happiness or misery of millions – and that against the most capricious exercise of this power there should be neither appeal nor remedy; that such a state of things should be allowed to exist, must be regarded as a reproach to the intelligence of the age, and as totally irreconcilable with every principle of public justice.
If instead of having been handed down to us from our ancestors, it had been proposed in the present day to create a joint stock bank, to be endowed with the powers and privileges enjoyed by the Bank of England, the common sense of the country would have revolted against the attempt to establish so dangerous a monopoly.”
Source: The Enemy Within the Empire: A Short History of the Bank of England
