Distilled water has been known since at least 200 AD, when Alexander of Aphrodisias described the process. The distillation equipment is called a still.
A simple way (labeled How To Turn Salt Water Into Fresh Water) explains the process using a few items at hand. The price would be from 2 to 5 dollars.
Maybe a distill water maker such as: Megahome Countertop Water Distiller.
“Electrodeionization is a water treatment technology that utilizes an electricity, ion exchange membranes and resin to deionize water and separate dissolved ions (impurities) from water.”
Distillation is an old process also used for desalination, which removes salt from water. Saltwater is not suitable for human consumption and is considered undesirable in that regard. “According to the International Desalination Association, in June 2015, 18,426 desalination plants operated worldwide, producing 86.8 million cubic meters per day, providing water for 300 million people.”
The single largest desalination project is Ras Al-Khair in Saudi Arabia, however, it is Kuwait that wins the race, producing 100% of its water usage.
Will clean potable water be a problem in the future? Are we already there?